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| '''''Who Framed Roger Rabbit''''' is a 1988 American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantasy_film <u>fantasy</u>]-[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedy_film <u>comedy</u>]-[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noir_film <u>noir</u>] film directed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis <u>Robert Zemeckis</u>] and [[File:Who-Framed-Roger-Rabbit_avi_download.jpg|thumb|260px]]released by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchstone_Pictures <u>Touchstone Pictures</u>]. The film combines [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Films_with_live_action_and_animation <u>live action and animation</u>], and is based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_K._Wolf <u>Gary K. Wolf</u>]'s novel ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Censored_Roger_Rabbit%3F <u>Who Censored Roger Rabbit?</u>]'', which depicts a world in which cartoon characters interact directly with human beings. ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' stars [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hoskins <u>Bob Hoskins</u>] as a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_detective <u>private detective</u>] who investigates a murder involving the famous cartoon character, Roger Rabbit. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fleischer <u>Charles Fleischer</u>] co-stars as the titular character's voice, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Lloyd <u>Christopher Lloyd</u>] as the villain, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Turner <u>Kathleen Turner</u>] as the voice of Roger's cartoon wife, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna_Cassidy <u>Joanna Cassidy</u>] as the detective's girlfriend. | | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' (film)}} |
| | {{For|other uses|Who Framed Roger Rabbit}} |
| | {{tabs |
| | |back color = #ebebeb |
| | |font color = #0148c2 |
| | |height = 2.2 |
| | |maxwidth = 20 |
| | |tab1 = Main Article |
| | |tab2 = Gallery |
| | }} |
| | [[File:Who-Framed-Roger-Rabbit_avi_download.jpg|thumb|<center>''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' on DVD (March 25, 2003<ref>''[https://www.aveleyman.com/FilmCredit.aspx?FilmID=21221 Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]''</ref>)</center>]] |
| | '''''Who Framed Roger Rabbit''''' is a 1988 American [[Wikipedia:Fantasy film|fantasy]]-[[Wikipedia:Comedy film|comedy]] film directed by [[Robert Zemeckis]] and released by [[Amblin Entertainment]], and [[Touchstone Pictures]] on June 22, 1988. The film combines [[Wikipedia:Films with live action and animation|live action and animation]], and is based on [[Gary K. Wolf]]'s novel ''[[Who Censored Roger Rabbit?]]'', which depicts a world in which cartoon characters interact directly with human beings. ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' stars [[Bob Hoskins]] as a [[Eddie Valiant|private detective]] who investigates a murder involving the famous cartoon character, [[Roger Rabbit (character)|Roger Rabbit]]. [[Charles Fleischer]] co-stars as the titular character's voice, [[Christopher Lloyd]] as the villain [[Judge Doom]], [[Kathleen Turner]] as the voice of [[Jessica Rabbit|Roger's cartoon wife]], and [[Joanna Cassidy]] as the detective's girlfriend, [[Dolores]]. |
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| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney_Pictures <u>Walt Disney Pictures</u>] purchased the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_rights <u>film rights</u>] to the story in 1981. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Price_and_Peter_S._Seaman <u>Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman</u>] wrote two drafts of the script before Disney brought in executive producer [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Spielberg <u>Steven Spielberg</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblin_Entertainment <u>Amblin Entertainment</u>] to help finance the film. Zemeckis was hired to direct the live-action scenes with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Williams_(animator) <u>Richard Williams</u>] overseeing animation sequences. Production was moved from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles <u>Los Angeles</u>] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elstree_Studios <u>Elstree Studios</u>] in England to accommodate Williams and his group of animators. While filming, the production budget began to rapidly expand and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_schedule <u>shooting schedule</u>] ran longer than expected. | | == Plot == |
| | In a stereotypical 1947 cartoon, ''[[Somethin's Cookin']]'', Roger Rabbit messes up (he sees birds instead of stars). Detective Eddie Valiant watches him blow his lines, and [[R.K. Maroon]], Roger's boss, tells Eddie that he thinks Roger's wife, Jessica Rabbit, has been making Roger suspicious that she is cheating on him. He sends Eddie to figure out if Jessica had been cheating, to which Eddie replies he will not work with Toons (a Toon killed Eddie's brother). R.K. convinces Eddie, and he finds out that Jessica has been playing patty-cake---literally---with Marvin Acme, the owner of Toontown. |
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| However, the film was released to financial success and critical acclaim. ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' brought a re-emerging interest in the golden age of American animation and became the forefront for the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_animation_in_the_United_States <u>modern era</u>], especially the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disney_Renaissance <u>Disney Renaissance</u>]. It also left behind an impact that included a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit_media <u>media franchise</u>] and the unproduced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prequel <u>prequel</u>], ''Who Discovered Roger Rabbit''.
| | Eddie takes a few pictures of the patty-cake game and shows them to Roger. Roger gets drunk and storms off, declaring that him and Jessica will be happy no matter what. Heartbroken, Roger sits outside of the Acme Factory crying, wile looking at pictures of him and Jessica. The next day, Eddie finds out that Marvin has been killed by a safe dropped on his head. Roger is the prime suspect, according to Judge Doom, the Judge of Toontown. Doom says that when he catches Roger, he will kill him using the Dip, the only thing capable of killing a cartoon character. Doom has enlisted the help of the [[Toon Patrol]], a gang of weasels named [[Smartass]], [[Stupid]], [[Psycho]], [[Greasy]], and [[Wheezy]], to capture Roger. |
| {| class="toc" id="toc" | | |
| | | | Eddie goes home and recieves a tip from Roger's co-star, [[Baby Herman]], that Roger did not kill Marvin. He said that whoever ''did'' kill him, however, must have been after Marvin's will, which supposedly left Toontown to the Toons. Without it, anyone could destroy Toontown. Eddie discovers Roger in his room, pleading innocent. Eddie decides to take his case, only because whoever set Roger up was also making Eddie look bad. He hides Roger in a bar, only to have Doom find him the next day. Now, Doom and the Patrol are after both Eddie ''and'' Roger. |
| ==Contents==
| | |
| [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit# <u>hide</u>]] *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Plot <u>1 Plot</u>] | | After saving [[Benny the Cab]] from being "dipped" for driving on the sidewalk, Benny drives Eddie and Roger to safety. They go to a movie theater, where a news bulletin says that R.K. has signed a deal with Cloverleaf Industries, who want to buy Toontown. |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Cast <u>2 Cast</u>]
| | |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Production <u>3 Production</u>]
| | Eddie and Roger go to interrogate R.K., and Eddie tells Roger to stay outside and guard. Roger gets captured by Jessica, who throws him in the trunk of her car. While questioning R.K., R.K. tells Eddie that Cloverleaf wanted Toontown, but it would "become land for the free-" then R.K. is shot before he can finish the word. When Eddie goes to see who shot R.K. to death, he sees Jessica running to her car and leaving. He follows her into Toontown. While chasing her, Eddie thinks he has found her. He is fooled, as he has just found [[Lena Hyena]], who wants to marry him all of a sudden. Scared, Eddie runs away into the men's bathroom, except...there is no men's bathroom! Eddie starts falling to what he thinks is his doom. While falling, Eddie runs into [[Mickey Mouse]] and [[Bugs Bunny]], who are skydiving. They both taunt him by saying they have a spare, but Bugs says that Eddie probably doesn't want it. Thinking Bugs means a spare parachute, Eddie pleads Bugs to give it to him until Mickey says, "Better let him have it, Bugs!" Turns out the "spare" was a tire, which weighs Eddie down. |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Development <u>3.1 Development</u>]
| | |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Writing <u>3.2 Writing</u>]
| | Eddie thinks he is about to die, until Lena catches him. After escaping her, Eddie encounters Jessica and finds out that she is innocent, and that Judge Doom killed Marvin Acme and R.K. Maroon. Benny comes and drives Jessica and Eddie to chase Doom, until, Doom makes Benny slip. Jessica and Eddie fall out to the ground, and Benny pretends to be dead. Doom and the Patrol take Jessica and Eddie to the Acme Factory. |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Filming <u>3.3 Filming</u>]
| | |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Animation <u>3.4 Animation</u>]
| | Roger comes by Benny, and Benny finds the strength to get up and drive Roger to where Doom is holding Eddie and Jessica. Roger grabs a gun and tells Benny to call the cops. Doom reveals that he is the boss of Cloverleaf, and that he will dip Toontown off the face of earth and put a freeway in it's place. Roger then comes and starts threatening Doom with a gun, until Greasy drops a pile of bricks on him. He sees stars, and becomes happy because he couldn't see stars at the beginning of the movie. Doom has Roger and Jessica tied up, and leaves the weasels alone to dip Roger and Jessica with a dip cannon. Eddie gets an idea and makes the weasels laugh themselves to death, except for Smartass, who gets kicked into a pool of dip by Eddie. |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Music <u>4 Music</u>]
| | |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Soundtrack <u>4.1 Soundtrack</u>]
| | Eddie gets ready to shut the dip cannon off, until Doom stops him. Eddie then runs over Doom with a steamroller, but Doom survives, because he was a Toon. But not just ''any'' Toon---he killed Eddie's brother! After a long fight, Eddie reversed the dip cannon and fires all the dip left in the world at Doom, killing him. He lets Roger and Jessica down just as the cops show up, as well as a bunch of famous cartoon characters. Roger is proven innocent, and Toontown now belongs to the Toons! Anyone sings "Smile, Darn Ya, Smile" as [[Porky Pig]] closes the movie with his famous "Th-th-tha-th-th-th-that-th-that's all, folks!" and [[Tinker Bell]] flies by. |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Release <u>5 Release</u>]
| | |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Home_video_releases <u>5.1 Home video releases</u>]
| | == Cast == |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Critical_reception <u>5.2 Critical reception</u>]
| | {| class="wikitable" |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Awards <u>6 Awards</u>]
| | |'''Actor''' |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Legacy <u>7 Legacy</u>]
| | |'''Characters''' |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Controversy <u>7.1 Controversy</u>]
| | |- |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Legal_issue <u>7.2 Legal issue</u>]
| | |[[Bob Hoskins]] |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Sequel <u>7.3 Sequel</u>]
| | | [[Eddie Valiant]] |
| **[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#The_Roger_Rabbit_dance <u>7.4 The Roger Rabbit dance</u>]
| | |- |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Themes <u>8 Themes</u>]
| | |[[Charles Fleischer]] |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#References <u>9 References</u>]
| | | [[Roger Rabbit (character)|Roger Rabbit]], [[Benny the Cab]], [[Greasy]], [[Psycho]] |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#Further_reading <u>10 Further reading</u>]
| | |- |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#External_links <u>11 External links</u>]
| | |[[Christopher Lloyd]] |
| | | [[Judge Doom]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Joanna Cassidy]] |
| | | [[Dolores]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Kathleen Turner]] |
| | | [[Jessica Rabbit]] <small>(speaking voice, uncredited)</small> |
| | |- |
| | |[[Amy Irving]] |
| | | Jessica Rabbit <small>(singing voice)</small> |
| | |- |
| | |[[Betsy Brantley]] |
| | | Jessica Rabbit <small>(performance model)</small> |
| | |- |
| | |[[April Winchell]] |
| | | [[Baby Herman]] <small>(baby voice, uncredited)</small>, [[Mrs. Herman]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Lou Hirsch]] |
| | | Baby Herman <small>(adult voice)</small> |
| | |- |
| | |[[Stubby Kaye]] |
| | | [[Marvin Acme]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Alan Tilvern]] |
| | | [[R.K. Maroon]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Richard LeParmentier]] |
| | | [[Lt. Santino]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Joel Silver]] |
| | | [[Raoul J. Raoul]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Paul Springer]] |
| | | [[Augie]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Richard Ridings]] |
| | | [[Angelo]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Edwin Craig]] |
| | | [[Arthritic Cowboy]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Lindsay Holiday]] |
| | | [[Soldier In Bar]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Mike Edmonds]] |
| | | [[Stretch]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Morgan Deare]] |
| | | [[Editor]] / [[Bongo the Gorilla]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Danny Capri]] |
| | | [[Kids|Kid 1]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Christopher Hollosy]] |
| | | [[Kids|Kid 2]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[John-Paul Sipla]] |
| | | [[Kids|Kid 3]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Laura Frances]] |
| | | [[Blonde Starlet]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Andrew Robinson]] |
| | | [[Andy Devine]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Joel Cutrara]] |
| | | [[Forensics|Forensic 1]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Billy J. Mitchell]] |
| | | [[Forensics|Forensic 2]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Eric B. Sindon]] |
| | | [[Mailman]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Ed Herlihy]] |
| | | [[Newscaster]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[James O'Connell]] |
| | | [[Conductor]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Eugene Gutierrez]] |
| | | [[Teddy Valiant]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Mae Questel]] |
| | | [[Betty Boop]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Mel Blanc]] |
| | | [[Daffy Duck]] <small>(partially Dave Spafford)</small> / [[Tweety|Tweety Bird]] / [[Bugs Bunny]] / [[Sylvester]] / [[Porky Pig]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Tony Anselmo]] |
| | | [[Donald Duck]] <small>(under the voice recording of [[Clarence Nash]])</small> |
| | |- |
| | |[[Mary T. Radford]] |
| | | [[Hyacinth Hippo]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Joe Alaskey]] |
| | | [[Yosemite Sam]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[David Lander]] |
| | | [[Smartass]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Fred Newman]] |
| | | [[Stupid]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[June Foray]] |
| | | [[Wheezy]] / [[Lena Hyena]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Russi Taylor]] |
| | | [[Birds]] / [[Minnie Mouse]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Les Perkins]] |
| | | [[Mr. Toad|Toad]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Richard Williams]] |
| | | [[Droopy]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Wayne Allwine]] |
| | | [[Mickey Mouse]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Pat Buttram]] |
| | | [[Bullets|Bullet 1]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Jim Cummings]] |
| | | [[Bullets|Bullet 2]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Jim Gallant]] |
| | | [[Bullets|Bullet 3]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Frank Sinatra]] |
| | | [[Singing Sword]] (archival recording) |
| | |- |
| | |[[Tony Pope]] |
| | | [[Goofy]] <small>(partially Bill Farmer)</small> / [[Big Bad Wolf]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Peter Westy]] |
| | | [[Pinocchio]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Cherry Davis]] |
| | | [[Woody Woodpecker]] |
| | |- |
| | |Matt Adler<br />Steve Alterman<br />Tom Amundsen<br />Stephen Apostolina<br />Kirk Baily<br />Greg Berg<br />Julianne Buescher<br />Robert Clotworthy<br />David Cowgill<br />Wendy Culter<br />Robin Atkin Downes<br />Terri Douglas<br />Chris Edgerly<br />Patrick Fraley<br />Eddie Frierson<br />Jackie Gonneau<br />Nicholas Guest<br />Archie Hahn<br />Jason Harris<br />Bridget Hoffman<br />Wendy Hoffmann<br />Rif Hutton<br />David Kramer<br />Anne Lockhart<br />Mona Marshall<br />Caitlin McKenna<br />Scott Menville<br />Rene Mujica<br />Jonathan Nichols<br />Paul Pape<br />Juan Pope<br />Michelle Ruff<br />Aaron Spann<br />Pepper Sweeney |
| | |Additional voices |
| |} | | |} |
| ==[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=1 <u>edit</u>]] Plot==
| | ; Uncredited roles |
| In 1947, cartoon characters, commonly called "toons", are living beings who act out cartoons in the same way that human actors make [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live-action <u>live-action</u>] production. Toons interact freely with humans and live in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toontown <u>Toontown</u>], an area near [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood <u>Hollywood</u>], California. R. K. Maroon is the human owner of Maroon Cartoon studios; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Rabbit <u>Roger Rabbit</u>] is a fun-loving toon rabbit, one of Maroon's stars; Roger's wife Jessica is a gorgeous toon woman; and Baby Herman is Roger's costar, a 50-year-old toon who looks like an infant. Marvin Acme is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Practical_joke <u>practical joke</u>]-loving owner of Toontown and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_Corporation <u>Acme Corporation</u>].
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| Maroon hires private detective Eddie Valiant to investigate rumors that Jessica is having an affair. Eddie and his brother Teddy used to be friends of the toon community, but Eddie has hated them, and has been drinking heavily, since his brother Teddy was killed by a toon a few years earlier. When he shows Roger photographs of Jessica "cheating" on him by playing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat-a-cake,_pat-a-cake,_baker%27s_man <u>patty-cake</u>] with Acme, Roger becomes distraught and runs away. This makes him the main suspect when Acme is found murdered the next day. At the crime scene, Eddie meets Judge Doom and his [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toon_Patrol <u>Toon Patrol</u>] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weasel <u>weasel</u>] henchmen. Although toons are impervious to physical abuse, Doom has discovered that they can be killed by submerging them in a mixture of solvents he refers to as "Dip." He demonstrates this to Valiant by lowering a living cartoon shoe into a drum of Dip until it dissolves, leaving only a smear of paint floating on top.
| | {| class="wikitable" |
| | | |- |
| Baby Herman insists that Acme's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_(law) <u>will</u>], which is missing, bequeaths Toontown to the toons. If the will is not found by midnight, Toontown will be sold to Cloverleaf Industries, which recently bought the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Electric_Railway <u>Pacific Electric</u>] system of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolley_car <u>trolley cars</u>]. One of Eddie's photos shows the will in Acme's pocket, proving Baby Herman's claim. After Roger shows up at his office professing his innocence, Eddie investigates the case with help from his girlfriend Dolores while hiding Roger from the Toon Patrol. Jessica tells Eddie that Maroon blackmailed her into compromising Acme, and Eddie learns that Maroon is selling his studio to Cloverleaf. Maroon explains to Eddie that Cloverleaf will not buy his studio unless they can also buy Acme's gag-making factory. His plan was to use the photos to blackmail Acme into selling. Before he can say more, he is killed by an unseen assassin and Eddie sees Jessica fleeing the scene. Thinking that she is the killer, Eddie pursues her into Toontown. When he finds her, she explains that Doom killed Maroon and Acme in an attempt to take over Toontown.
| | |[[Jack Angel]] |
| | | [[Toon Shoes]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Jeff Arbaugh]] |
| | | [[Mime]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Corey Burton]] |
| | | [[Judge Doom]] (high-pitched voice) |
| | |- |
| | |[[Nancy Cartwright]] |
| | | [[Dipped Toon Shoe]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Sadie Corré]] |
| | | [[Ink and Paint Club Patrons|Ink and Paint Club Patron]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Christine Hewett]] |
| | | [[Ink and Paint Club Patrons|Ink and Paint Club Patron]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Kit Hillier]] |
| | | [[Ink and Paint Club Patrons|Ink and Paint Club Patron]] |
| | |- |
| | |[[Lane Leavitt]] |
| | | Stunts |
| | |- |
| | |[[Derek Lyons]] |
| | | Drunk in bar |
| | |- |
| | |[[Philip O'Brien]] |
| | | [[Earl]] (bar customer) |
| | |- |
| | |[[Ken Ralston]] |
| | | Judge Doom when he runs away in Toontown |
| | |- |
| | |[[Frank Welker]] |
| | | [[Dumbo]] / Additional voices |
| | |} |
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| Eddie, Jessica, and Roger are captured by Doom and his weasels and held at the Acme Factory, where Doom reveals his plan. Since he owns Cloverleaf and Acme's will has yet to turn up, he will take control of Toontown and destroy it with a mobile Dip-sprayer to make room for a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeway <u>freeway</u>], then force people to use it by dismantling the trolley fleet and make a fortune through a series of businesses built to appeal to the motorists. With Roger and Jessica tied up, Eddie performs a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaudeville <u>vaudeville</u>] act that makes the weasels literally [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_from_laughter <u>die of laughter</u>] and confronts Doom. Doom survives being run over by a steamroller, revealing that he himself is a toon and admitting that he killed Teddy. Eddie eventually dissolves Doom in Dip by opening the drain on the Dip machine. As toons and the police arrive, Eddie discovers that an apparently blank piece of paper on which Roger wrote a love poem to Jessica is actually Acme's will, written in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invisible_ink <u>disappearing/reappearing ink</u>]. Eddie kisses Roger—proving that he has regained his sense of humor—and the toons celebrate their victory.
| | == Sequel == |
| ==[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=2 <u>edit</u>]] Cast==
| | {{Main|Who Framed Roger Rabbit 2}} |
| Main article: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit_characters <u>List of Who Framed Roger Rabbit characters</u>]*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Hoskins <u>Bob Hoskins</u>] as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Valiant <u>Eddie Valiant</u>], an alcoholic private investigator who holds a grudge against Toons. Producer Steven Spielberg's first choice for Eddie Valiant was [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Ford <u>Harrison Ford</u>], but Ford's price was too high. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Murray <u>Bill Murray</u>] was also considered for the role; however, due to his method of receiving offers for roles he missed out.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]]</sup> | | In February 2013, Gary K. Wolf, creator of Roger Rabbit, that he as well as Erik Von Wodtke were working on a development proposal for an animated Disney buddy comedy starring Mickey Mouse and Roger Rabbit called The Stooge, based on the 1952 film of the same name. The proposed film is set to a prequel, taking place five years before Who Framed Roger Rabbit and part of the story is about how Roger met Jessica, his future wife. Wolf has stated the film is currently wending its way through Disney. |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fleischer <u>Charles Fleischer</u>] provides the voice of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Rabbit <u>Roger Rabbit</u>], an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-list <u>A-list</u>] Toon working for Maroon Cartoons. Roger is framed for the murder of Marvin Acme, and requests Eddie's help in proving his innocence. To facilitate Hoskins' performance, Fleischer dressed in a Roger bunny suit and "stood in" behind camera for most scenes.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup> Animation director Richard Williams explained Roger Rabbit was a combination of "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tex_Avery <u>Tex Avery</u>]'s cashew nut-shaped head, the swatch of red hair...like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droopy <u>Droopy</u>]'s, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goofy <u>Goofy</u>]'s overalls, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porky_Pig <u>Porky Pig</u>]'s bow tie, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey_Mouse <u>Mickey Mouse</u>]'s gloves and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugs_Bunny <u>Bugs Bunny</u>] like cheeks and ears."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup> Fleischer also provides the voices of Benny the Cab and two members of Doom's Weasel Gang, Psycho and Greasy. Lou Hirsch, who supplied the voice for Baby Herman, was the original choice for Benny the Cab, but was replaced by Fleischer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup>
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Lloyd <u>Christopher Lloyd</u>] as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judge_Doom <u>Judge Doom</u>], the extremely cold-hearted and power-hungry [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judge <u>judge</u>] of Toontown District Superior Court. Lloyd was cast because he previously worked with Zemeckis and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblin_Entertainment <u>Amblin Entertainment</u>] in ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_to_the_Future <u>Back to the Future</u>]''. Lloyd avoided blinking his eyes while on camera in order to perfectly portray the character.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup>
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Turner <u>Kathleen Turner</u>] provides the uncredited voice of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessica_Rabbit <u>Jessica Rabbit</u>], Roger Rabbit's stunningly beautiful and flirtatious Toon wife. She loves Roger because, as she says, "he makes me laugh." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Irving <u>Amy Irving</u>] supplied the singing voice, while [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betsy_Brantley <u>Betsy Brantley</u>] served as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stand-in <u>stand-in</u>].
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna_Cassidy <u>Joanna Cassidy</u>] as Dolores, Eddie's on-off girlfriend who works as a waitress.
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Tilvern <u>Alan Tilvern</u>] as R. K. Maroon, the short-tempered and manipulative owner of "Maroon Cartoon" studios. This was Tilvern's final theatrical performance before his death.
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stubby_Kaye <u>Stubby Kaye</u>] as Marvin Acme, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jester <u>prankster</u>]-like owner of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acme_Corporation <u>Acme Corporation</u>].
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lou_Hirsch <u>Lou Hirsch</u>] provides the voice of Baby Herman, Roger's middle-aged, foul-mouthed, cigar-chomping co-star in Maroon Cartoons. Williams said Baby Herman was a mixture of "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Fudd <u>Elmer Fudd</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweety <u>Tweety</u>] crashed together".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-2">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_Winchell <u>April Winchell</u>] provides the voice of Mrs. Herman and the "baby noises".
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| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lander <u>David Lander</u>] provides the voice of Smart Ass, the leader of the weasels.
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| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_LeParmentier <u>Richard LeParmentier</u>] has a small role as Lt. Santino. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Silver <u>Joel Silver</u>] makes a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameo_appearance <u>cameo appearance</u>] as Raoul, a director frustrated with Roger Rabbit's antics. Archive sound of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Sinatra <u>Frank Sinatra</u>] performing "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witchcraft_(song) <u>Witchcraft</u>]" was used for the Singing Sword. In addition to David Lander as Smart Ass and Charles Fleischer as Greasy and Psycho, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Newman_(actor) <u>Fred Newman</u>] voiced Stupid and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Foray <u>June Foray</u>] voiced Wheezy. Foray also voiced Lena Hyena, a hag Toon woman who resembles Jessica Rabbit and provides a comical role which shows her falling for Eddie and pursuing him. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Blanc <u>Mel Blanc</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugs_Bunny <u>Bugs Bunny</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daffy_Duck <u>Daffy Duck</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweety_Bird <u>Tweety Bird</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porky_Pig <u>Porky Pig</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvester_(Looney_Tunes) <u>Sylvester</u>]. ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' was one of the final films in which Blanc voiced these characters before his death in 1989. Animation director [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Williams_(animator) <u>Richard Williams</u>] voices [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droopy <u>Droopy</u>]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Alaskey <u>Joe Alaskey</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosemite_Sam <u>Yosemite Sam</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foghorn_Leghorn <u>Foghorn Leghorn</u>]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Allwine <u>Wayne Allwine</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey_Mouse <u>Mickey Mouse</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Pope <u>Tony Pope</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bad_Wolf_(Disney) <u>The Big Bad Wolf</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goofy <u>Goofy</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russi_Taylor <u>Russi Taylor</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnie_Mouse <u>Minnie Mouse</u>], Cherry Davis voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woody_Woodpecker <u>Woody Woodpecker</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Anselmo <u>Tony Anselmo</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Duck <u>Donald Duck</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Welker <u>Frank Welker</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbo <u>Dumbo</u>], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mae_Questel <u>Mae Questel</u>] voiced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Boop <u>Betty Boop</u>].
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| ==[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=3 <u>edit</u>]] Production==
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| ===[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=4 <u>edit</u>]] Development===
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| Walt Disney Pictures purchased the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_rights <u>film rights</u>] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_K._Wolf <u>Gary K. Wolf</u>]'s novel ''Who Censored Roger Rabbit?'' shortly after its publication in 1981. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_W._Miller <u>Ron W. Miller</u>], then president of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company <u>The Walt Disney Company</u>] saw it as a perfect opportunity to produce a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment) <u>blockbuster</u>].<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-War_5-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-War-5 <u>[6</u>]]</sup> Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman were hired to write the script, penning two drafts. Robert Zemeckis offered his services as director in 1982,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-3">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup> but Disney acknowledged that his previous films (''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Wanna_Hold_Your_Hand_(film) <u>I Wanna Hold Your Hand</u>]'' and ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Used_Cars <u>Used Cars</u>]'') were [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_office_bomb <u>box office bombs</u>], and thus let him go.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> The project was revamped in 1985 by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Eisner <u>Michael Eisner</u>], the then-new CEO of Disney. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amblin_Entertainment <u>Amblin Entertainment</u>], which consisted of Steven Spielberg, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(film_producer) <u>Frank Marshall</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(film_producer) <u>Kathleen Kennedy</u>], were approached to produce ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' alongside Disney. The original budget was projected at $50 million, which Disney felt was too expensive.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]]</sup>
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| ''Roger Rabbit'' was finally [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenlight <u>greenlit</u>] when the budget went down to $29.9 million, which at the time, still made it the most expensive animated film ever greenlit.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-2">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]]</sup> Disney executive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Katzenberg <u>Jeffrey Katzenberg</u>] argued that the hybrid of live action and animation would "save" Disney's animation department. Spielberg's contract included an extensive amount of creative control and a large percentage of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Box_office <u>box office</u>] profits. Disney kept all merchandising rights.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-3">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]]</sup> Spielberg convinced [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros. <u>Warner Bros.</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleischer_Studios <u>Fleischer Studios</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Features_Syndicate <u>King Features Syndicate</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felix_the_Cat_Productions <u>Felix the Cat Productions</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_Entertainment <u>Turner Entertainment</u>], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Studios <u>Universal Pictures</u>]/[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Lantz_Productions <u>Walter Lantz Productions</u>] to "lend" their characters to appear in the film with (in some cases) stipulations on how those characters were portrayed; for example, Disney's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Duck <u>Donald Duck</u>] and Warner's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daffy_Duck <u>Daffy Duck</u>] appear as equally-talented dueling pianists, and Mickey Mouse and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugs_Bunny <u>Bugs Bunny</u>] also share a scene. (Apart from this agreement, Warner Bros. and the various other companies were not involved in the production of ''Roger Rabbit''.) However, Spielberg was not able to acquire the rights to use [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popeye <u>Popeye</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry <u>Tom and Jerry</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Lulu <u>Little Lulu</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casper_the_Friendly_Ghost <u>Casper the Friendly Ghost</u>] or the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrytoons <u>Terrytoons</u>] (except [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mighty_Mouse <u>Mighty Mouse</u>]) for appearances from their respective owners (King Features, Turner, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Publishing <u>Western Publishing</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey_Comics <u>Harvey Comics</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viacom <u>Viacom</u>]).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-4">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-2">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Gilliam <u>Terry Gilliam</u>] was offered the chance to direct, but he found the project too technically challenging. ("Pure laziness on my part," he later admitted, "I completely regret that decision.")<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-6 <u>[7</u>]]</sup> Robert Zemeckis was hired to direct in 1985, based on the success of ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romancing_the_Stone <u>Romancing the Stone</u>]'' and ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_to_the_Future <u>Back to the Future</u>]''. Richard Williams was hired to direct the animation sequences.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-4">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]]</sup>
| | == Trivia == |
| ===[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=5 <u>edit</u>]] Writing===
| | * This is the second-to-final movie where Mel Blanc voiced the [[Looney Tunes]] before his death in 1989. The final movie where he voiced them was ''[[w:c:looneytunes:Daffy Duck's Quackbusters|Daffy Duck's Quackbusters]]'', released on September 24, 1988, 94 days after ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' was released. |
| Jeffrey Price and Peter S. Seaman were brought aboard to continue writing the script once Spielberg and Zemeckis were hired. For inspiration, the two writers studied the work of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walt_Disney <u>Walt Disney</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros._Cartoons <u>Warner Bros. Cartoons</u>] from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Age_of_American_animation <u>Golden Age of American animation</u>], especially Tex Avery and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Clampett <u>Bob Clampett</u>] cartoons. ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinatown_(1974_film) <u>Chinatown</u>]'' influenced the storyline. The subplot involving "Cloverleaf" was the planned story for the third chapter of a ''Chinatown'' trilogy (the trilogy was abandoned following the failure of 1990's ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Jakes <u>The Two Jakes</u>]'').<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-5">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup> Price and Seaman said that "the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Car <u>Red Car</u>] plot, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suburb <u>suburb</u>] expansion, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_culture <u>urban</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_corruption <u>political corruption</u>] really did happen," Price stated. "In Los Angeles, during the 1940s, car and tire companies [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_American_streetcar_scandal <u>teamed up</u>] against the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Electric_Railway <u>Pacific Electric Railway</u>] system and bought them out of business. Where the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeway <u>freeway</u>] runs in Los Angeles is where the Red Car used to be."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-3">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> In Wolf's novel ''Who Censored Roger Rabbit?'', the Toons were [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comic_strip <u>comic strip</u>] characters rather than movie stars.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-6">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup>
| | ** It is also the final time Mae Questel voiced Betty Boop before her death in 1998. |
| | * The film's success led to 3 cartoon shorts being produced, the shorts being ''[[Tummy Trouble]]'', ''[[Roller Coaster Rabbit]]'', and ''[[Trail Mix-Up]]''. It also led to the comic book series ''[[Roger Rabbit (comic book)|Roger Rabbit]]'' and the short comic book series ''[[Roger Rabbit's Toontown]]'' being released. |
| | * The character's personalities from the film are reflected in ''[[Who P-P-P-Plugged Roger Rabbit?]]''. |
| | * ''[[Roger Rabbit: The Resurrection of Doom]]'' is set between the film and ''Tummy Trouble''. |
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| During the writing process, Price and Seaman were unsure of whom to include as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antagonist <u>antagonist</u>]. They wrote scripts that had either Jessica Rabbit or Baby Herman as the villain, but they made their final decision with newly-created character Judge Doom. Doom was supposed to have an animated [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulture <u>vulture</u>] sit on his shoulder, but this was deleted for technical challenges.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-4">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> Doom also had a suitcase of 12 small animated [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangaroos <u>kangaroos</u>] that act as a jury, by having their [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joey_(marsupial)#Early_development <u>joeys</u>] pop out of their pouches, each with letters, which put together would spell YOU ARE GUILTY. This was also cut for budget and technical reasons.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-script_7-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-script-7 <u>[8</u>]]</sup> Doom's five-man "Weasel Gang" (Stupid, Smart Ass, Greasy, Wheezy and Psycho) satirizes the Seven Dwarfs (Doc, Grumpy, Happy, Sleepy, Bashful, Sneezy and Dopey) who appeared in ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film) <u>Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs</u>]'' (1937). Due to this there were originally seven weasels, but eventually two were deleted (Slimey and Flasher).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-5">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> Further references included The "Ink and Paint Club" resembling the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_Club_(New_York_City) <u>Harlem Cotton Club</u>], while Zemeckis compared Judge Doom's invention of "The Dip" to eliminate all the Toons as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler <u>Hitler</u>]'s [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Solution <u>Final Solution</u>].<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-7">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup> Judge Doom was originally the hunter that killed [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bambi <u>Bambi's</u>] Mother, but Disney objected to the idea.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-script_7-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-script-7 <u>[8</u>]]</sup> Benny the Cab was first conceived to be a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle <u>Volkswagen Beetle</u>] before being changed to a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxicab <u>Taxicab</u>]. There was a whole sequence where Marvin Acme had a funeral (which Eddie witnessed) in which [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foghorn_Leghorn <u>Foghorn Leghorn</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey_Mouse <u>Mickey Mouse</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnie_Mouse <u>Minnie Mouse</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_and_Jerry <u>Tom and Jerry</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckle_and_Jeckle <u>Heckle and Jeckle</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chip_n%27_Dale <u>Chip n' Dale</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mighty_Mouse <u>Mighty Mouse</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superman_(1940s_cartoons) <u>Superman</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popeye <u>Popeye</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_Oyl <u>Olive Oyl</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluto <u>Bluto</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarabelle_Cow <u>Clarabelle Cow</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film) <u>The Seven Dwarfs</u>] would have made cameo appearances. However the scene was cut for pacing reasons and never made it past the storyboard stage.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-script_7-2">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-script-7 <u>[8</u>]]</sup> Before finally agreeing on ''Who Framed Roger Rabbit'' as the film's title, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_title <u>working titles</u>] included ''Murder in Toontown'', ''Toons'', ''Dead Toons Don't Pay Bills'', ''The Toontown Trial'', ''Trouble in Toontown'' and ''Eddie Goes to Toontown''.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-8 <u>[9</u>]]</sup>
| | == References == |
| ===[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=6 <u>edit</u>]] Filming===
| | {{Reflist}} |
| Animation director Richard Williams admitted he was "openly disdainful of the Disney [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureaucracy <u>bureaucracy</u>]"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Katz_9-0">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Katz-9 <u>[10</u>]]</sup> and refused to work in Los Angeles. To accommodate him and his animators, production was moved to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elstree_Studios <u>Elstree Studios</u>] in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertfordshire <u>Hertfordshire</u>], England. Disney and Spielberg also told Williams that in return for doing ''Roger Rabbit'', they would help distribute his uncompleted film ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Thief_and_the_Cobbler <u>The Thief and the Cobbler</u>]''.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Katz_9-1">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Katz-9 <u>[10</u>]]</sup> Supervising animators included [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale_Baer <u>Dale Baer</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Baxter_(animator) <u>James Baxter</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bowers_(director) <u>David Bowers</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas_Deja <u>Andreas Deja</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Jenkins_(film_producer) <u>Chris Jenkins</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Nibbelink <u>Phil Nibbelink</u>], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nik_Ranieri <u>Nik Ranieri</u>] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Wells <u>Simon Wells</u>]. The animation production, headed by associate producer [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Hahn <u>Don Hahn</u>], was split between Richard Williams' London studio and a studio in Los Angeles supervised by Dale Baer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-10 <u>[11</u>]]</sup> The production budget continued to escalate while the shooting schedule lapsed longer than expected. When the budget was reaching $40 million, Disney president Michael Eisner heavily considered shutting down production, but [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Katzenberg <u>Jeffrey Katzenberg</u>] talked him out of it.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Katz_9-2">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Katz-9 <u>[10</u>]]</sup> Despite the escalating budget, Disney moved forward on production because they were enthusiastic to work with Spielberg.
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| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VistaVision <u>VistaVision</u>] cameras installed with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_control <u>motion control</u>] technology were used for the photography of the live-action scenes which would be composited with animation. Rubber mannequins of Roger Rabbit, Baby Herman and the Weasels would portray the animated characters during rehearsals in order to teach the actors where to look when acting with "open air and imaginative cartoon characters".<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-3">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup> Many of the live-action props held by cartoon characters were shot on set with either robotic arms holding the props or the props were manipulated by strings, similar to a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marionette <u>marionette</u>].<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-6">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> The voice actors of the animated characters would perform off camera, giving "real time performances". The voice of Roger, Charles Fleischer insisted on wearing a Roger Rabbit costume while on the set, in order to get into character.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-4">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup> Filming began on December 5, 1986, and lasted for 7½ months at Elstree Studios, with an additional four weeks in Los Angeles and at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic <u>Industrial Light & Magic</u>] (ILM) for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_key <u>blue screen</u>] effects of Toontown. | | == External links == |
| ===[[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit&action=edit§ion=7 <u>edit</u>]] Animation===
| | * ''[https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/who-framed-roger-rabbit-film-qxnzzxq6vlgtnjg1ndq2 Who Framed Roger Rabbit]'' at BBFC |
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-production <u>Post-production</u>] lasted for one year.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-7">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> First, the animators and lay-out artists rotographed the live action scene. Rotographing is a process where the animators are given black and white stills of the live action scenes (known as "photo stats"), then their animation papers are placed on top of them, and the artists draw in relationship to the live action images. Due to Zemeckis's dynamic camera moves, the animators had to confront the challenge of ensuring the characters were not "slipping and slipping all over the place"<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-5">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-comment_4-8">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-comment-4 <u>[5</u>]]</sup> After rough animation was complete, it would run through the normal process of traditional animation until the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cels <u>cels</u>] were shot on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostrum_camera <u>Rostrum camera</u>] with no background. The footage of the cartoon characters was then sent to ILM, where technicians would animate three lighting layers (Shadows, Grimm lights and Tone Mattes) separately, later [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_printer <u>optically printed</u>] onto the toons. This made them look more three-dimensional and gave the illusion of the characters being affected by the lights on set.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ears_3-6">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-ears-3 <u>[4</u>]]</sup> Finally the cartoon characters were optically composited onto the live action footage. One of the most difficult effects in the movie was Jessica's dress in the night club scene because it had flashing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequin <u>sequins</u>], an effect created by filtering light through a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bag <u>plastic bag</u>] scratched with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_wool <u>steel wool</u>].<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Norman_0-8">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Norman-0 <u>[1</u>]]</sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Williams_2-5">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Framed_Roger_Rabbit#cite_note-Williams-2 <u>[3</u>]</sup> | | * ''[https://www.commonsensemedia.org/movie-reviews/who-framed-roger-rabbit Who Framed Roger Rabbit]'' at Common Sense Media |
| [[Category:Animation films]] | | * ''[[w:c:disney:Who Framed Roger Rabbit|Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' at [[w:c:disney|Disney Wiki]] |
| | * ''[https://www.eyeforfilm.co.uk/review/who-framed-roger-rabbit-film-review-by-stephen-carty Who Framed Roger Rabbit]'' at Eye for Film |
| | * ''[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096438/ Who Framed Roger Rabbit]'' at the Internet Movie Database (IMDb) |
| | * ''[https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/who_framed_roger_rabbit Who Framed Roger Rabbit]'' at Rotten Tomatoes |
| | [[Category:Who Framed Roger Rabbit]] |